ARBA'UNA HADIT (5) HADISI NA BIYAR

An karɓo daga Ummul Mu'uminina, Ummu Abdullahi, A'ishatu (R.A) ta ce, Manzon Allah (ﷺ) ya ce, "Wanda ya ƙirƙiro wani abu cikin lamarinmu wannan, abin da ba ya cikinsa, to za a mayar masa da kayansa." Bukhari (#2695) Muslim (#1718)

A riwayar Muslim "Wanda duk ya aikata wani aikin da ba umaminmu a kai, an mayar masa da shi.

SHARHI

Aisha ɗaya ce daga cikin matan Annabi (ﷺ), ta samu falalar kasancewarta matar Annabi (ﷺ). Duk cikin matan Annabi (ﷺ) ya fi ƙaunar ta sama da kowa. Don an

tambayi Annabi (ﷺ) wa ka fi so? Ya ce, "A'isha!" Aka ce, "A cikin maza fa?" Ya ce, "Babanta Abubakar!" [Bukhari (#3662)]. Amma duk da Annabi (ﷺ) ya fi son Aisha, ba ya zaluntar sauran matansa saboda ita. A hannunta Annabi (ﷺ) ya cika, ya bar duniya. Ta ce, "Allah ya karɓi ran Annabi (ﷺ), a lokacin ina tallafe da shi a tsakanin cinyoyina da ƙirjina." Kuma aka binne shi a ɗakinta. [Duba Bukhari (#1389) da Muslim (#2443)] Domin bayan rasuwarsa aka ce ina za a kai shi, waɗansu suka ce, "A kai shi masallaci." waɗansu suka ce, "A kai shi Baƙi'a." waɗansu suka ce, a kai shi wuri kaza. Sai Sayyidina Abubakar ya ce, "Annabi (ﷺ) ya faɗa ccwa, "Babu wani Annabi da ya taɓa mutuwa, face sai an binne shi a inda Allah ya karɓi ransa." [Duba Al Musnad Na Abu Ya'ala (#22)]. Ba a ɗaukar sa a kai shi wani wuri, don haka sai aka binne shi a ɗakin Nana A'isha. Wannan falala ce! Don da ma Imamu Malik ya rawaito a cikin Muwaɗɗa cewa, "A'isha ta yi mafarkin taurariɓguda uku sun faɗa ɗakinta, sai aka wayi gari, sai ta tambayi Abubakar, sai ya yi shiru ya ƙyale ta, bai ce mata komai ba. Da Annabi (ﷺ) ya bar duniya aka binne shi a ɗakinta, sai ya ce, "To wannan ɗaya daga cikin taurarin kenan, biyun suna tafe." [Duba Muwaɗɗa-Babu ma Ja'a fi Dafnil Mayyit]. Sai Sayyidina Abubakar kuma ya bar duniya, shi ma sai aka binne shi a ɗakinta, kusa da Kabarin Annabi (ﷺ). A'isha ta ce, "So nake in mutu a binne ni a wajen." Sai kawai Umar ɗan Khaɗɗab ya nemi alfarma wajen A’isha, cewa in dai ya riga ta mutuwa, yana so a binne shi kusa da Abubakar. Ta amince in ya riga ta a sa shi, sai Umar ya riga ta mutuwa." Wannan mafarki ya tabbata.

Ana ce mata Ummu Abdullahi, ba don ta taɓa haihuwa ba, sai dai akwai yayarta mai suna Asma‘u bintu Abubakar, tana da ɗa Abdullahi ɗan gidan Zubair bin Auwam, ɗaya daga cikin mutum goma da aka yi musu albishir da aljanna. To wannan Abdullahi ɗan Zubair bin Auwan ɗin, shi ne Annabi (ﷺ) yake jingina wa A'isha, ya ce mata Ummu Abdullahi. Kuma daga wannan ne malamai suka ce ya halatta mutum ya yi alkunya ko da ba shi da ɗa.

Lafazin, 'lamarinmu' da ya zo a wannan hadisi, yana nufin musulunci. Ma'ana wanda ya ƙirƙiro wani abu cikin addininmu na musulunci, abin da ba ya cikin musuluncin. [Duba Jami'ul Ulum Wal Hikam Na Ibnu Rajah 1/163].

Wannan hadisi shi ne ƙashin bayan rusa dukkan bidi'a a kan ƙasa. Duk abin da yake bidi‘a ne, wannan hadisi ya rusa shi. Abinda duk mutum ya gina a kan bidi'a, Allah ba zai ba shi lada ba, don ma ba zai karƙa ba. Akwai wasu waɗanda za su zo wajen maganar bidi'a sai su ce, to ai idan ka ce bidi’a, kamar ka ce kar mu hau keke, kar mu hau babur, kar mu yi amfani da dukkan wani abu ƙirkirarre, don waɗannan abubuwa bidi’a ne, don lokacin Annabi (ﷺ) babu su. Sai ka ce da shi, waɗannan al'amura da ka zana, ba addini ba ne su, wani abu ne na buƙatar rayuwa, Annabi (ﷺ) kuwa ya rusa duk abin da an ƙirƙire shi ne da sunansa addini, ya ce, "Wanda ya ƙirƙiro cikin lamarinmu wannan..." Lafazin 'wannan' kuwa da ya zo a nan, nuni ne zuwa ga musulunci. Babu wanda zai ce idan na hau babur daga nan wurin na tafi Damaturu, ladana bai kai na wanda ya hau mota ba; wanda ya hau mota gingimari ta katako, ladansa bai kai wanda ya hau bambalasta ba. Babu wanda zai fadi haka, don ba ayyukan lada ba ne, buƙatu ne na duniya. Saboda haka duk bidi'ar da ta shafi lamarin duniya, ƙirƙira kenan. A duniyance ka ƙirƙiro mota, ka ƙirƙiro kwamfuta da dukkan abin da zai taimaka wa rayuwa ta ci gaba, wannan shari'a ba ta hana ka ba, amma ƙirƙira ta fuskar addini, ka ƙara ko ka rage, ka kawo wani zikiri, ko wata falala, ko wata sallah, ko wani salo na Istigfari, to wannan shari'a ta rushe. Ya tabbata a Sahihi Muslim [#2363], Annabi (ﷺ) an tambaye shi cewa, ga wasu mutane suna yin kilili. Shi ne su ɗauki dabino idan ya yi huda, su tsaga su dauko irin nan, su sa a nan, don ya ba da ɗa mai kyau. Sai Annabi (ﷺ) ya ce, "Wannan ba zai yi amfani ba." Sai sahabbai suka ce, "Ai mun sha yi, kuma yana amfani." Sai Annabi (ﷺ) ya ce, "Ku kuka fi ni sanin lamarin duniya, ku je ku yi kayanku." Saboda wannan ba hailala ba ne, ba istigfari ba ne, don haka ba ya jiran sai Annabi (ﷺ) ya bayar da umami kafin su je su yi. Domin duk abin da yake gwaji ya tabbatar; in haɗa sinadari kaza da kaza zai baya da kaza, wannan a duniyarka ka je ka yi ta yin ƙirƙire ƙirƙirenka, ba a hana ka ba. Amma a cikin lamarin addini dole, ka bi fadin Allah,

(Duk abin da Manzo ya zo muku da shi ku karɓe shi, abin da ya hana ku, ku hanu. Lallai Allah mai tsananin uƙuba ne) [Al-Hashr: 7] Kuma babu wata bidi’a mai suna kyakkyawa, dukkan bidi‘a ɓata ce, kar ka taɓa zaton akwai wata bidi'a sunanta mustahabbiya ko bidi'a hasana, wannan duk rabe-raben, wanda ya fara kawo shi a cikin duniyur ilimi, shi ne Izzuddeen bin Abdussalam, wanda ake kira Sulɗnil Ulama a cikin liltafinsa ƙawa’idul Ahakam Fi Masalihul Anam, kuma shi ɗan mazahabar Shafi‘iyya ne, daga wurinsa Imamul ƙarafi, ɗaya daga cikin malaman Malikiyya ya ɗauko wannan, ya rubuta cikin littafinsa. To tunda yake shi ɗan Malikiyya ne, sai Shehu Usman ɗan Fodiyo shi kuma ya ɗauko daga cikin ittafin Imamul ƙarafi ya sa a nasa. Abu Ishaƙ Asshaɗibi ya yi ragaraga da wannan abu (a cikin littafinsa Al-I'itisan), kuma shi ma ɗan Malikiyya ne, ya ce babu wata bidi'a mai suna hasana, wannan Kullu Ala Babiha.